![]() The rotary encoder generates 12 pulses / 1 rotation. So this motor can rotate minimum at a 30 o angle. The stepper motor used here has a step angle of 7.5 o per pulse. And similarly, if the encoder is rotated 60 o CCW direction – the stepper motor rotates at 60 o CCW. This means if the encoder is rotated in 90 o CW direction – the stepper motor also rotates 90 o CW. The angular position of the encoder in either direction (CW or CCW) is mapped with the angular position of the motor in the same direction. In one sentence I can say, as the rotary encoder is rotated clockwise or anticlockwise at a specific angular position – the stepper motor also rotates and moves to the required angular position. Arduino board, rotary encoder module, and ULN2003 chip all are also given the same 5 V supply.The common terminal of the stepper motor is connected to an external 5 V supply.These pins are connected with input pins IN1 – IN4 as shown and chip output pins OUT1 – OUT4 are connected with the stepper motor Arduino board pins D5 – D8 are used to drive the stepper motor using the ULN2003A chip.Its other 2 pins DI and CLK are connected with Arduino board digital pins D2 and D3 respectively.Out of these 5 pins – 2 pins are for Vcc and Gnd and they are connected with 5 V output and Gnd of Arduino board ![]() The rotary encoder module has 5 interfacing pins.Here is the snap of the circuit built on the Arduino nano development board.Īs shown in the figure the circuit is built using only three components 1) rotary encoder module 2) Arduino NANO development board and 3) motor driver chip ULN2003A It can be easily built using breadboard and jumper wires. The circuit is very easy to build because it requires only three components. We’ll start by collecting the required items. ![]() Stepper motor – it is used to set the angular position of any object attached to it with any mechanism. Stepper motor driver – it provides the required current to the motor and drives the motor. Microcontroller – it takes pulse output from the encoder – calculates angular rotation of its shaft – rotates the stepper motor to the required angular position. It gives these pulses as input to the microcontroller. ![]() Rotary encoder – it generates pulses as its shaft is rotated. Let us see the system block diagram first and then I will discuss how to build this system It uses a rotary encoder as an input and a stepper motor as an actuator. The project given here is one such type of open-loop control system. The figure given below shows a block diagram of an open-loop control system. In all such system, we have to build either an open-loop or closed-loop control system in which there is a control input (mostly by a human) that is given to the system that further controls any actuator which actually sets the angular position of the object using some mechanism. Thus, there are so many such examples where we have to set the proper angular position of any object like a rudder, camera, gun nozzle, dish antenna, light/sound beam source, etc.
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